Yr 11 Chemistry Chapter 5 Glossary
Chemical bond: forms when outer shell electrons
of different atoms come close enough to each other to interact and rearrange
themselves into a more stable arrangement.
Valence electrons: Outer shell electrons.
Octet rule: atoms will bond together in such a way
as to obtain an outer shell containing 8 electrons.
Bond dissociation energy: the amount of energy
(per molecule of substance) that must be supplied to separate atoms joined by a
chemical bond.
Group: the vertical columns on the periodic
table, the group number represents the number of outer shell electrons.
Period: the horizontal rows on the periodic
table, the period number represents the number of electron shells.
Electrostatic attraction: the attraction
between a negatively charged species and a positively charged species.
Ionic bonding: occurs as a the result of a
metal atom donating its outer shell electrons to a non metal atom.
Ion: a charge atom. This means it has an
unequal number of protons and electrons.
Cation: a positively charge ion.
Anion: A negatively charge ion.
Crystalline: Arranged in a regular pattern.
Coordination number: A ratio showing the
numbers of oppositely charged ions surrounding each ion in an atomic lattice.
Kinetic theory: A model of molecular motion
that is used to explain many of the properties of gases.
Lattice enthalpy: A measure of the energy
required to completely separate ions in an ionic lattice.
Electrolyte: A liquid that can conduct an
electric current.
Electro valency: The charge on an ion.
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